ABSTRACT
That transport development affects the structure and growth of cities is obvious. Some would go as far as to say that transport patterns are the single most important factor in determining urban change. Certainly the rapid growth of late nineteenth and early twentieth century European and North American cities was facilitated by the electric tramway and suburban railway.1 More recently, the motor car and new urban roads have in some instances allowed urban growth to proceed at an even more rapid pace, and have also profoundly affected the physical structure and social composition of cities.2 Transport policy has the potential, therefore, of greatly affecting land use, residential location, occupational opportunity and mobility, and a host of other phenomena affecting urban life. In one sense, all transport services, including inter-urban roads and railways affect urban areas, for they can influence residential and occupational mobility as well as industrial location. Generally, however, the present chapter will be confined to a discussion of urban transport policies, or those policies affecting public and private transport patterns in urban areas.
