ABSTRACT
This chapter aims to a narrative of the development of our understanding of the particles which make up the universe. It discusses the properties of each state and then we show a diagram of how the particles are arranged. The distance between 'liquids flow and take the shape of the container' and a diagram of circles in a box is huge. Stories can help to bridge the gap. On chemical synthesis For any gas, its particles are separated from each other to a much greater distance than in any other state. Dalton's model has the atoms stationary and stacked like marbles, or piles of lead shot. Atoms are a powerful idea. Even before Dalton used the idea to explain ratios of elements in compounds, Daniel Bernoulli, the Dutch scientist, proposed a model of minute particles to explain gas pressure. The 19th century's great champion of atoms was Ludwig Boltzmann.
