ABSTRACT
Introduction Factors that determine the physical and psychological impact of chronic illness are not intrinsic to any particular disease category. Chronically ill children share many features that are common across disease categories and the factors that determine ultimate function tend to be demographic, psychosocial and developmental. When chronic disease occurs in children, the chronological age and the developmental age are two quite distinct categories. Each has specific requirements that need to be catered for if the child is to achieve their maximum potential. Recognition of the importance of the developmental characteristics specific for a given time in a child’s life has led to a much more relaxed atmosphere in hospitals. Parents and significant others in the child’s life are now encouraged to participate as fully as is practical in the treatment program. Hospital environments are made as friendly and colourful as possible, outings are encouraged and specially qualified teachers attend schooling where possible.
