ABSTRACT
This chapter discusses the land and labour productivity. Regional patterns of land and labour productivity are mapped to exhibit key areas of strategic importance or concerns. A generic view of productivity is adopted to identify the key regional variability to differentiate areas of high or low productivity with a particular focus on the impact of liberalisation policy. Agricultural production in India is largely driven by biophysical characteristics of land and hence the regional variability in agricultural productivity is essentially a reflection of the differences in land potential or capacity. Agricultural productivity is analysed using district wide statistics on area, yield and prices of 42 crops, which include both food grains and commercial crops. Land productivity in India was largely affected by differences in land potential, which is heavily dependent on biophysical characteristics of land. It was particularly a key driver of agriculture productivity prior to the Green Revolution.
