ABSTRACT

Steroids are hormones that occur naturally in the body and control the development and functioning of the reproductive system. Steroids are typically used without prescription by athletes and bodybuilders in order to build up muscle mass, reduce the fatigue involved in training regimes, boost self-confidence and improve body image. Anabolic steroids are medically used in the treatment of thrombosis, anaemia and muscle wasting. Amyl and butyl nitrites are stimulants and are known collectively as alkyl nitrites. They are sometimes known as Poppers, TNT, liquid gold, rush etc. Amyl and butyl nitrites are chemically related to nitrous oxide or laughing gas. In many countries, poppers are sold in nightclubs, bars, sex shops, drug paraphernalia head shops, over the Internet and in markets. The hypno-sedatives include both hypnotics and minor tranquillisers and have been used medically in anaesthesia and in the treatment of epilepsy and rarely nowadays, insomnia. Minor tranquillisers are often prescribed for the relief of anxiety and stress. Some organic based substances produce effects similar to alcohol or anaesthetics when their vapours are inhaled. Lighter fuel refills, glues, aerosols and typewriter correction fluids/thinners, dry cleaning fluids, de‑greasing compounds etc. are products which are subjected to misuse.