ABSTRACT
Looking back at the evolution of Russian farming in the early part of the twentieth century, one cannot fail to perceive the intimate connection which existed between the development of the Russian agricultural industry and the growth in the country of modern industrial capitalism. The chapter outlines the principal features of the Russian Agrarian Problem, which had played so outstanding a part in the political and economic history of modern Russia. The individualist movement in the Russian village, of which enclosures were the manifestation, carried all before it, because it answered the most urgent needs of the peasant farmer. The foreign outlets for the products of Russian farming had practically ceased to exist by the close of the second year of the war. At the same time, as the war went on, the costs and difficulties of agricultural production tended to increase.
