This chapter provides a framework for reviewing the various laws restricting acquisition of domestic cultural property, specifically archaeological material over 100 years old, which originated within the United States. Steps concerning foreign property are covered in the next chapter. This legal review is just one step in the procedural recommendations outlined in Chapter 5. That chapter should be carefully reviewed, as the principles that ensure the legality of the item are incorporated throughout the acquisition review process. This is true of questioning the provenance, reviewing the associated documentation, and performing the necessary diligence and final procedures. However, for domestic items, especially archaeological material, the item’s provenience-the specific find site and circumstances regarding the find-is of particular significance.