ABSTRACT
The United States tested its first nuclear device in Alamogordo, New Mexico, in July of 1945 and then exploded nuclear weapons over Hiroshima and Nagasaki the next month at the close of World War II. In 1955, the Soviet Union had included the termination of nuclear weapons tests in its disarmament proposal. On June 14, 1957, the Soviet Union for the first time offered test ban proposals that included some form of international control. In March 1958, the Soviet Union announced that it would terminate nuclear testing and appealed to the other nuclear powers to take similar action. The Antarctic Treaty of 1959 had prohibited military bases, fortifications and maneuvers as well as nuclear explosions on that Continent. In January 1967, the negotiation of the Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space, Including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies, known as the Outer Space Treaty, was completed.
