ABSTRACT
Since I completed work on the third edition of this bibliography, thriteen land-locked territories have joined the United Nations and the ranks of independent States: nine former Soviet socialist republics, Slovakia and Macedonia, and Ethiopia (land-locked throughout its long history except for the period 1952-1992) and Andorra (land-locked always but recognized as a sovereign State only in 1993). Thus, by any reckoning, there are now more than a third more land-locked States in the world than there were only three years ago. Some are already experiencing problems with transit across their more fortunate coastal neighbors – and even other land-locked neighbors – and with their uses of the sea, and it is likely that such problems will multiply and intensify before they are resolved.
