ABSTRACT
It was 1988, and Mark Weiser, then chief technology officer at Xerox, predicted that a myriad of technological systems would permeate our physical and biological environments. A world full of machines, computers, and systems would communicate with each other and act and make decisions for humans. And the history of the relationship between humans and computers could be divided into four phases: many people operating one mainframe machine; a person operating one machine (personal computing); many machines per person (ubiquitous computing); and machines communicating with each other without human interference. The world is understood and transformed when represented, when made language. The world of artifacts has come through. The technological artifacts exchange information among themselves. They share a common language. The city is a technological artifact, formed by some of the possible combinations of sociotechnical arrangements. The city is the result and the possibility of material and immaterial exchanges mediated by sociotechnical artifacts.
