ABSTRACT
This chapter considers three specific options for which frustrated policymakers and advocates could opt: bring the developmental state project into the light, use the military to hide it even further and go 'all in' on Intellectual Property dominance. At the level of laboratory R&D, an equally illustrative example comes from the administration's efforts to empower a nascent federal agency called the Advanced Research Projects Agency-Energy (ARPA-E), modeled on the famed Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) that oversaw many of the technological advances of the digital and IT revolutions. A final valid option may be to simply direct all remaining political capital on the issue into push policies (e.g., laboratory R&D and early stage innovation), and simply rely on foreign economies to generate demand for (and manufacture) new American technologies. In this strategy, federal policymakers would pragmatically acknowledge that their efforts to promote the installation and manufacturing of clean technologies domestically have proved complicated and politically disastrous.
