ABSTRACT
Food is the most basic human need. Without sufficient food and nutrition, human survival and development are at risk. Food insecurity impairs all levels of social, economic, cultural, and political life. At the national level, food insecurity causes economic instability, social unrest, political tension, high crime rates, and even armed conflicts. At the household level, hunger and malnutrition adversely affect the more vulnerable members of the family, mostly children and women. The food insecurity issue in the modern world is no longer a regional or a national problem but becomes a global issue. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) pronounces everyone's human right to a standard of living, which includes food, clothing, and housing. As an elaboration of the UDHR, the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESR) ensures and protects rights that are derived from the inherent dignity of the human person. Customary international law is considered one of the principal sources of international law.
