ABSTRACT
Many studies of 18th and early 19th century English planning focus on the development of the aristocratic estates of the west end of London. Rather than focusing on the grand design of the architects working to the commission of the aristocratic owners of the great estates, this chapter instead considers those early planning experiments, which were drawn up as part of an explicit radical political or social agenda. It seeks to serve as a prelude to the main focus of the study which is in effect of the 'long 19th century' to 1914, by reviewing both colonial and domestic developments in planning concepts and practice from the perspective of radical thinkers. The chapter also considers the radical influences on early colonial settlement, contrasting them with the establishment planning of the Shaftesbury model.
