The main aim of this book is to revisit the circumstances surrounding Nigeria’s post-Civil War policy of rehabilitation, reconstruction and reconciliation (the 3Rs), and to examine the short-and long-term consequences of the demobilisation and reintegration exercise for national politics. This is motivated by a number of considerations: first, is the paucity of writings on this aspect of the Nigerian Civil War; second is the growing relevance of the consequences of the exercise on recent political developments in the country; third is the increasing importance of military demobilisation in recent writings, especially in Africa as exemplified by the writings in military demobilisation in post-war Mozambique, Angola, and Zimbabwe among others (Cilliers 1995, Kingma 1996), and finally is the growing importance of the welfare of demobilised ex-combatants in civil society, as can be seen in the multi dimensional activities of demobilised soldiers who constituted themselves as ‘War Veterans’ in Zimbabwe.1