ABSTRACT
This chapter argues that there is a need for international involvement in the post-civil war African environment to ensure the enforcement of negotiated settlement where and if necessary and to partner and oversee the demobilisation and re-integration exercises. It addresses interviews and discussions held with former combatants on the Biafran side with regards to the post-civil war policy of the 3Rs in Nigeria. They raise a set of questions such as what the political, economic, social and humanitarian objectives of demobilisation, disarmament and reintegration (DDR) in Nigerias were, how they carry it out and to what extent the federal government achieve them. The political process of DDR consists of negotiations during and after the cessation of hostilities. The major economic challenges the government faced included the restoration of production and trade flows in the war-affected areas, and the provision of more jobs.
