ABSTRACT
The ability to meet increasing air travel demand is determined by a number of capacity drivers: the controller's capacity, tools to aid the controller's task, the extent of the pilot's situational awareness, aircraft capability and contextual environment including the weather conditions and airport capacity. The ability of the surveillance and navigation systems to provide accurate aircraft position information, intent data, speed and the higher update rates will permit the setting of reduced separation minima. Automatic Dependent Surveillance Broadcast (ADS-B) was proposed by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) and is envisioned to fill the gaps in the radar systems. In addition, ADS-B's high dependency on communication and navigation systems causes the system to inherit the vulnerabilities of those systems and hence results in more possible threats. ADS-B Out's range to the ground stations from oceanic airspace is limited.
