ABSTRACT
This chapter presents a perceptual terminology and conceptualization for dealing with bureaucracy and its operative meaning in the public administration of the modern nation state. Strong nations rely on a strong bureaucratic system. Therefore, it is not surprising that in recent decades there has been a growing interest in the development of new avenues for improving public sector performance that attests to the power, efficiency, and effectiveness of bureaucratic systems. Innovation and creativity represents the degree to which public policy is flexible, takes initiative, and is willing to adopt new ideas. These constructs of managerial quality serve as an essential engine for renewal, development, and continuous advancement towards the collective organizational vision. Human quality refers to the merit and professionalism of public personnel as seen by objective assessors. It also refers to leadership skills of the higher ranks and of those public officials who are responsible for articulating and implementing the sector's vision and goals.
