ABSTRACT
There have been dramatic developments in science, especially in the areas of information and communication technology (ICT), bio- and nano-technology. The past few decades saw liquid-crystal displays (LCDs) replace clock dials in our offices and bedrooms, and all kinds of meters in our automobiles. LCD technology is advancing to provide us better products because science has given even greater miniaturization of LCDs, brilliantly displaying texts and graphics. Biotechnology has received a great deal of interest in the past 20 years. The convergence between the fields of computer technology and biology has yielded many useful innovations. Nanotechnology is active in almost every area of science, including computer science, electrical engineering, and mechanical engineering, promising to develop new knowledge that can be applied to many fields. Product convergence has existed throughout time. Efforts in nanotechnology research have yielded benefits. Toshiba recently announced that it could inject nanoparticles into living cells to induce specific reactions.
