Introduction

Serving as a pre-conflict framework, Jus ad Bellum connects the regime’s desire to employ violence with the need to achieve peace and maintain security. Jus in Bello serves as compliment to Jus ad Bellum, and both work to achieve a peaceful end state through avoiding unnecessary conflict, minimization of violence and acting appropriately during war. Traditionally, Just War Theory has served as a moral decision-making framework for states pursuing use of force against others. Statecraft has seen a new challenge for just war thinking that involves conflict between states and Armed Non-State Actors.