ABSTRACT
Added to these, importantly, are the Post-Civil War Civil Rights Acts,4 Sections 1981 (enacted in 1870), 1983 (1871), and 1985 (1871), that are statutory vehicles for enforcement of the Fourteenth Amendment in concert with the other above-mentioned civil rights acts. Section 1981, titled Equal Rights Under Law, Section 1983, titled Civil Action for Deprivation of Rights, and Section 1985, titled Conspiracy to Interfere with Civil Rights were all originally enacted to respond to the rampant postCivil War southern white hostility toward former slaves.
