ABSTRACT
This chapter proposes a university-public-government triple helix for sustainability as a counterpart to the university-industry-government. A triple helix twins coupling model, retaining the triadic dimension of creativity, is offered as an alternative to the fourth helix approach. Polyvalent knowledge can be used for innovation and entrepreneurship, and also for ensuring the sustainability of development, a theoretical cornerstone of the triple helix twins model. A reorganization of institutional relationships from opposed starting points in statist and laissez-faire societies takes place with differentiation as the primary process in the former, and integration in the latter. Relative independent institutional spheres interacting on the basis of equality characterize the movement toward a triple helix society. In the triple helix innovation model, university–industry–government work together to achieve regional or national innovations in science and technology, forming a relationship of mutual benefit among them.
