ABSTRACT
Science-based anti-genetically modified organisms (GMO) activists reject the claim that the gene is a separate, self-contained entity that determines the development of the organism. Drawing on complexity science, critical anti-GMO scientists such as Mae-Wan Ho argue for an understanding of organic development that regards it as interrelated and indefinite, with agency being diffused across the different parts of the organism. Most anti-GMO activists dispute the scientific consensus that GMOs are safe to produce and consume, but many do so from a position that embraces the idea that science is still the privileged site for producing factual knowledge about a nature that is somewhere 'out there'. An intuitive notion of sense is also embraced by many anti-GMO activists, particularly in their accounts of nature as beautiful, dancing, song-like, colourful, vibrant and harmonious. The chapter also presents some closing thoughts on the key concepts discussed in this book.
