ABSTRACT
This chapter outlines the spatial aspects of Turkey's struggle to industrialize and distinguishes four phases of development, two of them virtually new beginnings. Each phase was characterized by different combinations of productive factors and marked by particular socio-political circumstances. The chapter is concerned with the Asiatic section of the Turkish Republic, though it is impossible to leave aside the Istanbul conurbation which covers a considerable area on both sides of the Bosphorus. Asiatic Turkey will frequently be called by its traditional name, Anatolia, partly to avoid confusion when discussing industrialization under the Ottoman Turkish Empire and partly to retain the subregional terminology currently in use. This region has presented formidable barriers to national economic development by its size, shape and physical variety. Power-driven factory industry forms the subject of this chapter, and at the end of the nineteenth century it was much more restricted than handicrafts in both scale and location.
