ABSTRACT
This chapter briefly describes the importance of historical demographic trends and explains the concept of zero population growth and how this is important in terms of family planning. It discusses the range of methods available for reducing the odds of pregnancy, including some of the current controversies around abstinence. The chapter describes some of the infertility treatments available and the accompanying legal, religious, moral, and ethical concerns and outlines the possible avenues through which couples can adopt a child. It articulate the ways in which macro-sociological trends interact with individual choices regarding family size.
