ABSTRACT
This chapter argues that democratic epistemology of almost any kind contributed to its own very broad defeat during, particularly, the century around 1900. Spiritualism did, as people shall see during this chapter, relate to what was surely the main democratic epistemology of the nineteenth century. And, as people are about to see during the present chapter, the decades around the mid-nineteenth century seem to have resounded with claims to the superiority of, in effect, democratic epistemology. Significantly, as people shall see in this chapter, they had started to become more so by, at any rate, the early nineteenth century. Perhaps, in other words, his solitariness and idealism symbolise how thoroughly those nineteenth-century democratic epistemologies people also examines were about to be outflanked by increasingly hierarchical sciences. The author has taken Hall or Skelton in order to explore what were probably the commonest logical problems of nineteenth-century democratic epistemology.
