ABSTRACT
People with acquired neurogenic communication disorders, especially those with a moderate to severe grade of impairment such as global aphasia or later stage of dementia, characteristically demonstrate pervasive language deficits that affect their oral communication (Bayles & Yomoeda, 2007; Collins, 1986; Nicholas &
Helm-Estabrooks, 1994). As a result, their using of the primary language modality of oral expression and secondary language modality of writing to convey specific propositional information to express ideas or needs is often impaired (Holland, 1984). Instead, these speakers may need to rely on the employment of alternative communicative techniques to assist their conveying of meanings.
