ABSTRACT
This chapter explains two section, namely Conditional Discriminations and Stimulus Equivalence Classes. Conditional discrimination the S+ varies, depending on the presence or absence of another stimulus. It is an important aspect of numerosity behavior, which can be defined as responding to number, as in the number of objects or events of a particular type. Three main types of matching-to-sample procedures are identity matching, oddity matching, and symbolic matching. A training structure is the series of conditional discriminations to be taught in order to establish a given stimulus equivalence class. From simple observation of accurate performance of a conditional discrimination, it is impossible to tell whether the behavior is under the control of the correct comparison (the S+), the incorrect comparison (the S). The levels of discrimination learning have been identified with humans and are used in a test called the Assessment of Basic Learning Abilities (ABLA) to predict the learning abilities of individuals with intellectual disabilities.
