ABSTRACT
The treaty of St. Germain compelled the Vienna government to renounce outright its two largest and most populous provinces, Galicia and Bohemia. The outlying province of Bukowina was given to Rumania. Two thirds of the Austrians were left in a circumscribed area under the Vienna government, condemned to bankruptcy and slow starvation, and although they comprised only one fourth of Austria's pre-war population, they were saddled with the same reparations terms as Germany. Vienna, the third city of Europe, contained thirty-five per cent, of the population of independent Austria. The empire of Austria and the kingdom of Hungary were constitutionally independent of each other, but agreed to form a permanent political union on the basis of equality under a common sovereign and with foreign affairs and the army and navy and the finances of the Dual Monarchy under unified supervision.
