ABSTRACT
This chapter discusses "monsters" appeared in the field of politics, and some ideas based on Southern European (SE) experience. First, the spatialisation of democratic policies at home, the progressive geographical imagination and the relational construction of the "Other", rarely enter a political party's debates. Second, an important parameter that requires further attention is the known problem of how to upscale local bottom-up radical alternatives. Third, is the difficult problem of the relationship between social movements and political parties, or coalitions. Fourth, the Eurozone crisis and the authoritarian-undemocratic policies that followed highlighted the lack of an adequate radical left analysis of the post-political neoliberal Nation-State in the EU and the corresponding issue of popular sovereignty.. Fifth, from the 1990s onwards, the organised left often analysed the dynamic of capitalist development with tools and approaches of the post-World War II era.
