ABSTRACT
Chapter 1 focuses on the doctrine of providence in Zeno of Citium, founding father of the Stoa. It examines several aspects of his account: that providence is one of the names of god, that nature should be conceived as a craftsmanlike fire (one that is maintaining life rather than destroying it) and that providence can be proved by divination. It also looks into one ancient account that ascribes to Zeno the thought that god cares for everything, including the slightest of things, and shows that it was probably not a view he in fact defended.
