ABSTRACT
The hostility of Anglo-Americans was a rude surprise to Asian immigrants. Similar to other immigrants, they hoped to make their fortune in the United States and either return to their homelands or build a home in their new country. As they did with Native and African Americans, European Americans tended to think of all people from the East as an undifferentiated other. European Americans rationalized the economic exploitation of people from Asia by thinking of them as immoral and racially and culturally inferior. The combination of racism and economic exploitation resulted in educational policies designed to deny Asians schooling or to provide segregated schooling.
