ABSTRACT
This chapter introduces the concept of policy analysis as the process through which we identify and evaluate alternative policies or programs that are intended to lessen or resolve social, economic, or physical problems. The term policy analysis is also commonly used to refer to the product or outcome of the analytical process. Policy analysis can be done before or after the policy has been implemented. Descriptive policy analysis refers to either the historical analysis of past policies or the evaluation of a new policy as it is implemented. Prescriptive policy analysis involves displaying the results of analysis and making a recommendation. Descriptive analysis is often incorporated into prospective policy analysis. Policy analysts can be found at all levels of government, in private consulting, nonprofit, and issue advocacy organizations, and within academe.
