ABSTRACT
The bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki during World War II signalled the beginning of the era of atomic weaponry and dramatically revealed its unprecedented destructive potential. It was recognized that no one nation could claim a monopoly on nuclear weapons; nuclear science and technology was, or inevitably would be, dispersed around the world. And the vast potential of nuclear energy for military as well as peaceful applications appeared to provide irresistible incentives for its widespread development. On the basis of these perspectives, the international control of nuclear energy was advocated in the Agreed Declaration of Canada, the United Kingdom, and the United States; in the Moscow Declaration of the United Kingdom, the United States, and the Soviet Union; and in the U.S. Baruch Plan.
