ABSTRACT
Transportation carriers are firms that provide transportation services, they transport cargo and individuals from origin to destination locations. If a transportation carrier utilizes a port in its provision of freight transportation service, the carrier may be: a water carrier; a land carrier; or a land carrier that transports cargo over land from a port to a land location. Intermodalism is the use of more than one mode of transportation in the transportation of cargo from an origin to a destination. Liquid-bulk ships transport liquid cargoes. Tanker liquid-bulk ships transport crude oil and petroleum products. Neo-bulk cargo ships are designed to carry neo-bulk wheeled cargo such as automobiles, trucks and railroad cars that can be driven on and off the ship on their own wheels or via a platform vehicle with its own self-propelled transporter. Short-sea shipping is the transportation of cargo by vessel and barge over inland and coastal waterways as opposed to an ocean waterway.
