ABSTRACT
The chapter starts with the rationale that techniques aimed to provide deliberate and purposeful practice for developing grammatical competence are not less important than techniques intended for developing the four language skills for developing communicative competence within the communicative approach. Grammar techniques included range from those that focus on grammatical forms (along with the meanings and functions which they generate) at the word (i.e., morphological) level to those that focus on the phrase and sentence (syntactic and morphosyntactic) levels. The techniques are grades along the three intended proficiency levels (novice, intermediate, advanced) and transition from focusing on the most frequent and basic structures to the less frequent and more complex ones. Many of the techniques integrate grammar practice with those developing language skills. Doing so has many added benefits including driving boredom out of the teaching of grammar, demonstrating to learners the important role of grammar in conveying meaning, and optimizing classroom time.
