ABSTRACT
This chapter addresses some of the main effects of the experience of the First World War on thought about empire generally. It discusses the rationale behind large-scale public support in Britain for China's claims during the Peace Conference and why, despite public feeling, the Powers ultimately decided to stand with Japan. The Peace Conference was also an opportunity, the Chinese delegates saw, for the powers to begin dismantling the structures of a now-anachronistic imperialism. The Peace Conference brought the tensions between the powers involved in East Asia to the forefront and the Washington Naval Conference would be an attempt to re-order relations in the region. Amongst British policymakers there was general agreement that there was a new, modern post-war context and Britain had to adjust its role in East Asia. For the missionaries, the fight against Bolshevism was a battle for the hearts and minds of the Chinese.
