ABSTRACT
Scholars have attempted to clarify the relationships between thought and language for generations. Does language control the way we think and observe the world, or do our cognitive abilities regulate our development of language? Can humans think without language? Are language and thinking identical? Perhaps they are not. Artists sometimes think in colors and shapes, and musicians think about pitch, rhythm, timbre, and other musical elements without using language. Rudolf Arnheim, a psychologist of art and proponent of visual thinking, acknowledged that, although language might not be essential for thought, it can aid thought.
