ABSTRACT
Back at headquarters, special decoders receive the message and convert the code into ordinary language. The process of coding and decoding takes place between Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and Ribonucleic acid, or RNA. During transcription, the DNA code is changed into a Messenger RNA (mRNA) code. Once transcribed, the mRNA moves out of the nucleus to a ribosome in the cytoplasm of the cell. During translation, each triplet on the mRNA is decoded by a transfer RNA (tRNA) and a specific amino acid is added. The decoders are made of yet another kind of RNA called transfer RNA, or tRNA. Each tRNA holds a triplet of bases called an anticodon. Once an amino acid is attached, it releases the tRNA, which returns to the cell to find a replacement for the amino acid it lost. If a different message comes from the DNA, then amino acids are added in a different order, thereby making a different protein.
