ABSTRACT
This chapter describes religious naturalism as a philosophy of life that points out how to lead a robust religious life while believing that the natural world, including humans. In other words, religious naturalism is the attempt to lead a religious or spiritual life without the traditional beliefs in God, afterlife, and a soul. Naturalism should not be thought of as an empirical generalization from scientific facts. Naturalism, religious or otherwise, is a philosophical position. It is a philosophical position and, at the same time, a way of living. The monk Giordano Bruno developed a version of pantheism and was burned at the stake for his heresy in 1600. Pantheism is close to religious naturalism, and often, is a variety of it. In the 1920s and 1930s, there were a number of agnostic or atheist humanist writers whose passion for intellectual honesty and social justice combined with a non-theistic outlook could be considered as making them religious naturalists.
