ABSTRACT
This chapter talks about the biblical musical instruments in post-biblical sources and in bible translations. The Talmud is one of the most ancient and reliable post-biblical sources. Despite the variety of interpretation, and terminological and historical discrepancies, biblical instruments in the Talmud are a witness to and a bearer of the developing musical practices of many centuries. Patristic writings also contain allegorical interpretation of musical instruments. The creators of the "popular" Bibles, following the principle of historical accuracy, nevertheless present the Old Testament instruments using the musical inventory of their own time. In the course of the many centuries of translating the Bible into different languages the musical instruments mentioned in the Old Testament underwent numerous transformations of interpretation and terminology. The historical survey of the various traditions of Bible translation shows many and varied changes occurring in the evolution of the instrumental terminology.
