ABSTRACT
Outcome/impact evaluations of crime prevention focus on changes in the level of the targeted crime, fear of crime, and/or citizen behavior. e fact that most prevention programs are place specic means that evaluations typically focus only on changes within the target, neighborhood, or community. At the same time, crime prevention programs could have an impact beyond that which is intended. e other changes could be either positive or negative. e crime prevention techniques in one area may unintentionally result in increased crime in another area, on other targets, or at dierent times. In essence, levels of crime or fear may have simply shifted in response to the prevention eorts. is shift in crime is referred to as crime displacement. e opposite may also occur. Crime prevention eorts targeted at a specic problem in one location may have a positive impact on other locations or crimes. at is, there may be a diusion of benets.
