ABSTRACT
This chapter provides an account of how colleges and universities in the 21st century have defined and carried out the historic practices of fund-raising. It includes the broad field of philanthropy. At each campus it requires analysis of the college and university development offices. The chapter extends beyond the campus to the nonprofit sector. It also includes orbits of foundations with which colleges interact in a variety of roles, ranging from recipient to contributor of program resources. The success of colleges and universities in fund-raising has skewed the popular conception of philanthropy as being defined in dollars. Since the early 1990s, however, college campuses have become the fertile ground for a markedly different notion of philanthropy, one that recommends direct voluntarism. A foundation is a legal entity in which philanthropic activities are formalized by grant of a charter. Most foundations are chartered by a state government. Also, an incorporated foundation is subject to Internal Revenue Service guidelines and regulations.
