ABSTRACT
This chapter discusses where safety fits into programming. It focuses on some basic safety concepts, some approaches for applying safety in programming procedures, and few examples of safety problems in facilities. Safety is an essential part of the design process. Safety features of a facility or building can enhance productivity and improve quality of products and services, which, in turn, increases profitability of organizations. The primary safety role for design professions is prevention of accidents, injuries, illnesses, and other losses through design. A company may have an internal safety manual that has rules more stringent than prevailing laws, regulations, and codes. In the 1990 Clean Air Act, Congress mandated that OSHA develop a process safety standard. A highly hazardous material is one that possesses toxic, flammable, reactive, or explosive properties specified by the OSHA standard. The methods identified in the standard include what-if, checklist, what-if/checklist, hazard and operability study (HAZOP), failure mode and effects analysis (FEMA), or fault tree analysis.
