ABSTRACT
This chapter focuses on policy design and policy tools. In Chapter 10, we will apply what we learned here to better understand policy implementation. In reading about implementation, it is important to note that it is impossible to separate the process of designing policies from their implementation-much as all the stages of the policy process are hard to separate. Design and implementation are very closely related because the choices made in the design of a policy will profoundly influence the way a policy is implemented, which then influences the outcomes of these policies. In fact, policy designers often base their policy designs on experience with similar policies that have already been implemented.
