ABSTRACT
This chapter reviews four consequences of the get-tough era of crime control that have precipitated emergent initiatives: sentencing, prisons, reentry, and collaboration. The effect of the Court’s decision is not yet fully known. The federal sentencing guidelines had been used to sentence approximately 60,000 offenders each year. Clearly, Booker reinstates judicial discretion, at least in the short term. In the wake of the Court’s ruling, officials from the Justice Department as well as members of Congress were meeting to try to draft legislation that would renew the spirit of the 1984 Sentencing Reform Act, which attempted to reduce disparity in sentencing and laid the groundwork for the mandatory federal sentencing guidelines now determined to be unconstitutional. Remnants of the conservative ideology that dominated correctional policy in the 1980s and 1990s persist today. Overcrowded prisons are worrisome for correctional administrators and inmates.
