ABSTRACT

Economic life in antiquity revolved around the production, storage and transport of food. Responding to these developing economic conditions, urbanized communities hugging the coastal regions began to construct harbour facilities. In general, the literary record glossed over or ignored outright issues which were fundamentally economic in nature. Extremely common on sites throughout Old Kingdom Egypt, this vessel type has been unearthed in Naqada III sites like Adaima and Tell el-Iswid South. Since the third millennium BCE, Egyptian temples administered the bulk of economic activity, assigning responsibility for the organization of commercial duties and responsibilities to official state functionaries. Commerce was part of everyday life at all periods in ancient Greece, both in particular areas or local communities and between administrative districts and territories overseas. The advent of coinage in the third century BCE and increasing intercourse with the Hellenistic economic region changed the basis of commercial activity at Rome.