ABSTRACT
With the commencement of the German Reich’s Operation Barbarossa on 22 June 1941, the demonization of the Jewish population, already persecuted under Soviet rule, intensified in Poland, Lithuania, the Ukraine and Romania. The result was widespread mass killings, in many cases instigated by local anti-Semitic groups and licensed by the Germans. (See Cesarani, 2016, pp. 359-380.) One well-documented instance of this took place in the Polish town of Jedwabne on 10 July 1941.
