Grammar points are followed by examples and exercises which allow students to reinforce and consolidate their learning. Basic Portuguese provides readers with a thorough grounding in the fundamentals of Portuguese grammar. This chapter deals with demonstratives which is one of the part of the grammer. When used adjectivally, demonstratives replace definite and indefinite articles before a noun and agree in gender and number with the noun. But demonstratives can also be used to refer to something which is not specified, taking the form of isto, isso and aquilo, translating as 'this', 'that'. The demonstratives este(s), esta(s) and isto mean 'this' and are used when referring to something near the speaker. Portuguese are often used together with the adverb aqui. The demonstratives esse(s), essa(s) and isso mean 'that' and are used when referring to something near the listener. Portuguese are often used together with the adverb ai.