ABSTRACT
The Political turbulence and armed subversion were woes that Latin America added to more structural problems, such as truncated industrialization and excessive urbanization, which it shared with other parts of the Third World. The turbulence and insurgence prompted by the Cuban Revolution and the Cold War, and on the other, the economic and political agenda set up by the Alliance for Progress (AFP). In the midst of the Cold War, Janio Quadros increased fears of communism in Brazil during his seven-month presidency in 1961. Mexico and Brazil had pioneered the enlargement of the metropolitan scale and the 'spatialization' of development as channels for regional planning in Latin America. Latin America's marginality seemed to increase more dramatically in cities that had a high rate of urban growth without significant industrialization. Despite the massive influx of the poor into Latin American cities, official responses were not effective, which increased the housing deficit, especially in those cities where there was little industrialization.
