Collective action frames1 are constructed in part as movement adherents negotiate a shared understanding of a problematic situation they define as in need of change, make attributions regarding who or what is to blame, articulate an alternative set of arrangements and urge others to act in concert to effect change (Benford and Snow 2000, 616-17). Part of the framing exercise is to ‘undermine the legitimacy of the system’ (McAdam et al. 1996, 8).